Mahatma Gandhi
Feb 15, 2011 14:05:20 GMT 1
Post by Anne Terri on Feb 15, 2011 14:05:20 GMT 1
''February 15, 2011 God's Living Bible - The Third Testament - Research Library-Mahatma Gandhi
A Spiritual Man and Angel of Peace
AMEN''
Mahatma Gandhi (October 2, 1869 - January 30, 1948)
Gandhi's Early Life:
Born: October 2, 1869 - On the coast of British India, in Probandar.
Father: Karamchand Gandhi (1822-1885) High Official Of Hindu Modh community.
The Modh are followers of Modheshwari Maa. This is one of the stories about a goddess, named Modheshwari Maa, who was created by Shree Mata, also a goddess who was very angry at the devil Karnat, who was causing major problems in Dharmaranya, and the terror inflicted on the people there. Modheshwari Maa, had eighteen arms each holding a trident weapon. This created goddess also called Matangi (Modheswari) killed the devil.
Mother: Putlibai
Putlibai is the fourth wife of Karamchaud.
Her religious beliefs strongly influenced Mahatma Gandhi.
Putlibai's background from living in the Hindu, Pranami Vaishnave community, brought her into the the faith of the god Vishnu, and his avatars. These especially include Rama and Krishna who is considered as the first and highest level god. This god is called by several names, Narayana, Krishna, Vasudeva, and Vishnu.
Gandhi's Mother, practiced Jainism Hinduism. When you look at what they stand for, you see that he son, also followed in her way of Faith. A Hindu who practices Jainism, believes in non-violence. This not only includes towards humans but all living things. In order to brings ones soul towards the divine god, they must first conquer their inner demons to become in a state of Jina. Dharma is Jainism, and they must be pure. In seeking this purity they fast, and also avoid eating animals, practicing vegetarianism..
Mahatma Gandhi's Simple Clothing and Vegetarian Diet
Gandhi is famous for his modest way of life. He made everything he wore by hand, even the yarn used to weave his dhoti. This is a tradition of the Indian, a type of simple shaw.
As Gandhi's Mother believed, he was also a follower of Jainism, and in their way, practiced vegetarianism. He often fasted for long times as a form of protest, and for purification.
JAINISM
Jainism is like a set of self imposed Commandments for the good of everyone, and Gandhi followed these. As with Hinduism, Jainism is complex, but the basics are, that they believe the universe is like a circle, with not beginning or end, and is composed of many layers. These layers encompass both Heavens and Hells. Note, the numbers, as they believe in more than one heaven and hell.
The breakdown of these layers takes years of study and through. The highest level is at the top, where the souls who have been freed live. These are known as Siddha. Then there is another world just beneath the top, where there are thirty levels of the Heavens. The Angels, and other celestial beings live there. There are clouds around this upper world.
We are a part of the middle, as is the universe we know, where the planets, stars, and other unknown creations live. Within the universe, which is forever, there is space, a nothing.
Beneath this level are all the hells, seven to be exact. The lowest level is the worst, where the lowest of the low live. They have named this Nigoda.
Ahimsa: Non-Violence
Gandhi's strong belief in Ahimsa, led to his own philosophy of Satyagraha, which is covered below the section on Jainism.
Ahimsa is very important to the Indian religions of Hinduism and Buddhism, and what Gandhi's Mother followed, Jainism. One who practices Ahimsa is kind and non-violent, and believe all living things are connected. What is also interesting, is this does not only involve physical violence, but verbal. And even though it is sometimes necessary to defend oneself, it is not good if it is done with violence.
Truthfulness (Satya) - Always speak the truth, if this can be done without inciting violence. Otherwise, stay silent.
The Act of Not Stealing (Asteya)
If something is not given to you through a willing act, then you should not take it. Your own possessions are enough, and you should not want another's. This includes not being greedy,
or taking from others through deception. This also is inclusive of something dropped in error, or forgotten. One of the unique concepts of Asteya is, the purchase of an item which is cheaper to to circumstances, which are not good. This could be as in fencing stolen goods, illegal business practices, ex-cetera.
Non-Materialism To practice Jainism, a follower strives to become less materialistic, it is important not to attach ones self to objects and personal possessions.
Celibacy: Is the practice of being loyal sexually to one's spouse, and no one else.
The practices of Jainism are at a higher level for monks and nuns. They are not to own any property or possessions, nor participate in sexual practices.
Gandhi's Satyagraha:
Satyagraha is the force of truth, and one who practices Satyagraha, and need to resist their suppressors, they do this with non violence.
Gandhi studied law, attending University College, which was a part of the University of London. He was 19. His practice began in South Africa, in 1893. His forte was going against the laws which were discriminatory against Indians in the same area.
During the civil rights movement, which began in South Africa, the year 1893, early in Gandhi used this method. There, Gandhi found that Indians were victims of discrimination.
His journey on a train, proved to be an incredible test of this theory. Gandhi had a first class ticket. When one of the officials directed him to move to third-class, he refused. He was ousted from the train. This was not the end of abuse during his journey. He was forced to travel by stagecoach, when the train was no longer an option. The driver of the stagecoach beat him, making him ride outside of the vehicle, precariously balancing on the foot board, while a passenger who was European rode inside, when Gandhi had sat. He found that as an Indian he was not accepted in many public places, including hotels.
When the magistrate of court, in Durban demanded Gandhi remove his Pagri (turban) he refused. For an Indian, this is a symbol of his religion and respect. At this point Gandhi realized how much it was necessary for someone to become an advocate against this type of prejudice, against Indians.
Gandhi stood firm, staying longer in South Africa, and helped the Indians in their opposition against the bill which would take away their rights to vote.
Gandhi arrives in India To Lead...
Later, when there was the Indian Independence movement, Gandhi, continued to use his philosophy of Satyagraha. The Indian independence movement involved many efforts, and is a study in itself.
When Mahatma Gandhi came back to India, after his leadership within the anti-Apartheid in South Africa, he found he did not know India and the politics of their leaders. In 1915 Gandhi was supportive of unified commerce, but his ways of non violence did not seem a good idea to many of the people he was trying to assist. Yet, he felt that non violence was the only way. He became a positive force, during many protests, one being against The Rowlatt Act, in Punjab. This act was against freedom of the press, and allowed the government of the Viceroy to have extreme power. If someone was against them, such as the activists against their politics, they would be arrested and kept without trial. Even if they were suspects. No warrant was necessary.
With Gandhi and his respected way of protest, he now was able to turn the small movement of Indian protesters into one of great strength, which would expand to encompass the Nation.
Gandhi as a Leader:
In 1921, Mahatma Gandhi sought to improve the way of life in India. He was the leader of campaigns to alleviate poverty. He sought more rights for women. He wanted friendship between religion and nationality. The importance of being more economic self-reliant was important, his goal was independence.
Gandhi In The Boer War:
In the, Boer War one sees Gandhi under a different light, as a man who organized an entire group of 1100 men, to be an Indian Ambulance Corps. Working in a war zone, and interacting with the wounded is devastating work, yet during this time, Gandhi remained cheerful.
Gandhi as a Family Man:
This section under construction.
Marriages in India are arranged. His wife Kasturba was fourteen years of age when she married thirteen year old Mahatma Gandhi. For clarification, his full name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
They had four children. Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas, and Devdas.
Kasturba stayed behind in India to raise their first child, Harilal, while her husband went to South Africa to study. However, she was interested in his protests against the conditions Indians were facing. Later, she would go to South Africa, to be with Gandhi. Her active stance next to her husband, allowed her to continue his work when he was otherwise detained. Where Gandhi traveled, she would go also.
She was a teacher, and helped women and children in India to advance through her knowledge.
Unfortunately Kasturba Gandhi was often ill. Many times she was bedridden with bronchitis. She also suffered from difficulty breathing, and eventually had two heart attacks. She was saddened by her condition, and found it difficult to keep her morale up.
She weakened. Their youngest son, Devdas, took his Mother to see a doctor who advocated Penicillin treatments. She was unable to believe this new idea would work. Gandhi did not want to see her suffer, and did not advocate the proposed intervention. She died while he held her, on February 22, 1944
Honors:
Father Of the Nation in India
Man of the Year 1930
Nominated For Nobel Peace Prize:1948 (Assassinated January 30, 1948)
Gandhi's Assassination: January 30, 1948
Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by a Hindu Nationalist, who was later executed by hanging. Gandhi would have forgiven him, do not name this man or his co-conspirators.
Mahatma Gandhi � A Great Orator - Famous Quotes:
''Be the change you want to see in the world.''
''There is nothing that wastes the body like worry, and one who has any faith in God should be ashamed to worry about anything whatsoever''
''Always aim at complete harmony of thought and word and deed. Always aim at purifying your thoughts and everything will be well. ''
''Nobody can hurt me without my permission.''
''I like your Christ, I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ.''
''Hate the sin, love the sinner. ''
''The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.''
''Whenever you are confronted with an opponent. Conquer him with love.''
''In the attitude of silence the soul finds the path in a clearer light, and what is elusive and deceptive resolves itself into crystal clearness. Our life is a long and arduous quest after Truth. ''
''The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.''
''Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.''
''When I despair, I remember that all through history the ways of truth and love have always won. There have been tyrants, and murderers, and for a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Think of it--always. ''
''AMEN''
A Spiritual Man and Angel of Peace
AMEN''
Mahatma Gandhi (October 2, 1869 - January 30, 1948)
Gandhi's Early Life:
Born: October 2, 1869 - On the coast of British India, in Probandar.
Father: Karamchand Gandhi (1822-1885) High Official Of Hindu Modh community.
The Modh are followers of Modheshwari Maa. This is one of the stories about a goddess, named Modheshwari Maa, who was created by Shree Mata, also a goddess who was very angry at the devil Karnat, who was causing major problems in Dharmaranya, and the terror inflicted on the people there. Modheshwari Maa, had eighteen arms each holding a trident weapon. This created goddess also called Matangi (Modheswari) killed the devil.
Mother: Putlibai
Putlibai is the fourth wife of Karamchaud.
Her religious beliefs strongly influenced Mahatma Gandhi.
Putlibai's background from living in the Hindu, Pranami Vaishnave community, brought her into the the faith of the god Vishnu, and his avatars. These especially include Rama and Krishna who is considered as the first and highest level god. This god is called by several names, Narayana, Krishna, Vasudeva, and Vishnu.
Gandhi's Mother, practiced Jainism Hinduism. When you look at what they stand for, you see that he son, also followed in her way of Faith. A Hindu who practices Jainism, believes in non-violence. This not only includes towards humans but all living things. In order to brings ones soul towards the divine god, they must first conquer their inner demons to become in a state of Jina. Dharma is Jainism, and they must be pure. In seeking this purity they fast, and also avoid eating animals, practicing vegetarianism..
Mahatma Gandhi's Simple Clothing and Vegetarian Diet
Gandhi is famous for his modest way of life. He made everything he wore by hand, even the yarn used to weave his dhoti. This is a tradition of the Indian, a type of simple shaw.
As Gandhi's Mother believed, he was also a follower of Jainism, and in their way, practiced vegetarianism. He often fasted for long times as a form of protest, and for purification.
JAINISM
Jainism is like a set of self imposed Commandments for the good of everyone, and Gandhi followed these. As with Hinduism, Jainism is complex, but the basics are, that they believe the universe is like a circle, with not beginning or end, and is composed of many layers. These layers encompass both Heavens and Hells. Note, the numbers, as they believe in more than one heaven and hell.
The breakdown of these layers takes years of study and through. The highest level is at the top, where the souls who have been freed live. These are known as Siddha. Then there is another world just beneath the top, where there are thirty levels of the Heavens. The Angels, and other celestial beings live there. There are clouds around this upper world.
We are a part of the middle, as is the universe we know, where the planets, stars, and other unknown creations live. Within the universe, which is forever, there is space, a nothing.
Beneath this level are all the hells, seven to be exact. The lowest level is the worst, where the lowest of the low live. They have named this Nigoda.
Ahimsa: Non-Violence
Gandhi's strong belief in Ahimsa, led to his own philosophy of Satyagraha, which is covered below the section on Jainism.
Ahimsa is very important to the Indian religions of Hinduism and Buddhism, and what Gandhi's Mother followed, Jainism. One who practices Ahimsa is kind and non-violent, and believe all living things are connected. What is also interesting, is this does not only involve physical violence, but verbal. And even though it is sometimes necessary to defend oneself, it is not good if it is done with violence.
Truthfulness (Satya) - Always speak the truth, if this can be done without inciting violence. Otherwise, stay silent.
The Act of Not Stealing (Asteya)
If something is not given to you through a willing act, then you should not take it. Your own possessions are enough, and you should not want another's. This includes not being greedy,
or taking from others through deception. This also is inclusive of something dropped in error, or forgotten. One of the unique concepts of Asteya is, the purchase of an item which is cheaper to to circumstances, which are not good. This could be as in fencing stolen goods, illegal business practices, ex-cetera.
Non-Materialism To practice Jainism, a follower strives to become less materialistic, it is important not to attach ones self to objects and personal possessions.
Celibacy: Is the practice of being loyal sexually to one's spouse, and no one else.
The practices of Jainism are at a higher level for monks and nuns. They are not to own any property or possessions, nor participate in sexual practices.
Gandhi's Satyagraha:
Satyagraha is the force of truth, and one who practices Satyagraha, and need to resist their suppressors, they do this with non violence.
Gandhi studied law, attending University College, which was a part of the University of London. He was 19. His practice began in South Africa, in 1893. His forte was going against the laws which were discriminatory against Indians in the same area.
During the civil rights movement, which began in South Africa, the year 1893, early in Gandhi used this method. There, Gandhi found that Indians were victims of discrimination.
His journey on a train, proved to be an incredible test of this theory. Gandhi had a first class ticket. When one of the officials directed him to move to third-class, he refused. He was ousted from the train. This was not the end of abuse during his journey. He was forced to travel by stagecoach, when the train was no longer an option. The driver of the stagecoach beat him, making him ride outside of the vehicle, precariously balancing on the foot board, while a passenger who was European rode inside, when Gandhi had sat. He found that as an Indian he was not accepted in many public places, including hotels.
When the magistrate of court, in Durban demanded Gandhi remove his Pagri (turban) he refused. For an Indian, this is a symbol of his religion and respect. At this point Gandhi realized how much it was necessary for someone to become an advocate against this type of prejudice, against Indians.
Gandhi stood firm, staying longer in South Africa, and helped the Indians in their opposition against the bill which would take away their rights to vote.
Gandhi arrives in India To Lead...
Later, when there was the Indian Independence movement, Gandhi, continued to use his philosophy of Satyagraha. The Indian independence movement involved many efforts, and is a study in itself.
When Mahatma Gandhi came back to India, after his leadership within the anti-Apartheid in South Africa, he found he did not know India and the politics of their leaders. In 1915 Gandhi was supportive of unified commerce, but his ways of non violence did not seem a good idea to many of the people he was trying to assist. Yet, he felt that non violence was the only way. He became a positive force, during many protests, one being against The Rowlatt Act, in Punjab. This act was against freedom of the press, and allowed the government of the Viceroy to have extreme power. If someone was against them, such as the activists against their politics, they would be arrested and kept without trial. Even if they were suspects. No warrant was necessary.
With Gandhi and his respected way of protest, he now was able to turn the small movement of Indian protesters into one of great strength, which would expand to encompass the Nation.
Gandhi as a Leader:
In 1921, Mahatma Gandhi sought to improve the way of life in India. He was the leader of campaigns to alleviate poverty. He sought more rights for women. He wanted friendship between religion and nationality. The importance of being more economic self-reliant was important, his goal was independence.
Gandhi In The Boer War:
In the, Boer War one sees Gandhi under a different light, as a man who organized an entire group of 1100 men, to be an Indian Ambulance Corps. Working in a war zone, and interacting with the wounded is devastating work, yet during this time, Gandhi remained cheerful.
Gandhi as a Family Man:
This section under construction.
Marriages in India are arranged. His wife Kasturba was fourteen years of age when she married thirteen year old Mahatma Gandhi. For clarification, his full name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
They had four children. Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas, and Devdas.
Kasturba stayed behind in India to raise their first child, Harilal, while her husband went to South Africa to study. However, she was interested in his protests against the conditions Indians were facing. Later, she would go to South Africa, to be with Gandhi. Her active stance next to her husband, allowed her to continue his work when he was otherwise detained. Where Gandhi traveled, she would go also.
She was a teacher, and helped women and children in India to advance through her knowledge.
Unfortunately Kasturba Gandhi was often ill. Many times she was bedridden with bronchitis. She also suffered from difficulty breathing, and eventually had two heart attacks. She was saddened by her condition, and found it difficult to keep her morale up.
She weakened. Their youngest son, Devdas, took his Mother to see a doctor who advocated Penicillin treatments. She was unable to believe this new idea would work. Gandhi did not want to see her suffer, and did not advocate the proposed intervention. She died while he held her, on February 22, 1944
Honors:
Father Of the Nation in India
Man of the Year 1930
Nominated For Nobel Peace Prize:1948 (Assassinated January 30, 1948)
Gandhi's Assassination: January 30, 1948
Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by a Hindu Nationalist, who was later executed by hanging. Gandhi would have forgiven him, do not name this man or his co-conspirators.
Mahatma Gandhi � A Great Orator - Famous Quotes:
''Be the change you want to see in the world.''
''There is nothing that wastes the body like worry, and one who has any faith in God should be ashamed to worry about anything whatsoever''
''Always aim at complete harmony of thought and word and deed. Always aim at purifying your thoughts and everything will be well. ''
''Nobody can hurt me without my permission.''
''I like your Christ, I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ.''
''Hate the sin, love the sinner. ''
''The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.''
''Whenever you are confronted with an opponent. Conquer him with love.''
''In the attitude of silence the soul finds the path in a clearer light, and what is elusive and deceptive resolves itself into crystal clearness. Our life is a long and arduous quest after Truth. ''
''The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.''
''Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.''
''When I despair, I remember that all through history the ways of truth and love have always won. There have been tyrants, and murderers, and for a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Think of it--always. ''
''AMEN''